CBSE Syllabus 2026-27 and Important Questions (Class 9 to 12)

Unit-wise marks distribution for the main subjects of Class 9 to 12, from CBSE's official 2026-27 curriculum.

What's new in 2026-27

• Class X has two Board Examinations from 2026: the first (main, February) exam is mandatory for all; passed/eligible students may appear in the second exam to improve performance in up to 3 subjects out of Science, Mathematics, Social Science and languages (also First/Third chance compartment). Students absent in 3 or more subjects in the first exam cannot take the second. (source)
• CBSE has published Class X Second Board Examination 2026 question papers separately (46 subjects) alongside Class XII compartment papers. (source)
• From session 2026-27 Mathematics and Science are offered at two levels in Class IX-X: a compulsory common standard paper (80 marks, 3 hrs; school-based annual exam in Class IX 2026-27, Board exam in Class X from 2027-28) plus optional "Advanced" papers (25 marks, 1 hr, all HOTS questions; Board exam in Class X from 2027-28). (source)
• Three-language framework (R1, R2, R3) per NCF-SE 2023: R3 (third language) is compulsory from Class VI and IX with effect from 2026-27; at least two languages must be native to India. R3 is assessed entirely school-based (no Board exam) but passing it is mandatory for the Class X pass certificate. (source)
• R1 and R2 language levels may use the same textbook but will have distinct syllabus, learning outcomes and Board exam patterns in Class X from the 2028 examination onwards. In Class IX 2026-27, Hindi/English are listed as R1/R2 (Hindi Course A/B continues only in Class X 2026-27). (source)
• Class IX 2026-27 follows a redesigned NEP 2020 / NCF-SE 2023 curriculum (new NCERT textbooks, e.g. English "Kaveri"); Class IX Social Science unit-wise course structure is stated as "will be provided shortly". Maximum subjects for Board Examination 2028: 7 (6 compulsory incl. max two advanced-level papers + 1 optional). (source)
• Computational Thinking and Artificial Intelligence (CT & AI) to be introduced from academic session 2026-27. (source)
• Competency-based question weightage, Class X 2026-27: Science - Knowledge & Understanding 50%, Application 30%, Analyse/Evaluate/Create 20%; Mathematics Standard - Remember/Understand 54% (43 marks), Apply 24% (19), Analyse/Evaluate/Create 22% (18); Social Science - Remember/Understand 30%, Apply 13.25%, Analyse/Evaluate/Create 50%, Map 6.25%. About 33% internal choice. (source)
• Competency-based question weightage, Class XI/XII 2026-27: Physics - Remember/Understand 38% (27 marks), Apply 32% (22), Analyse/Evaluate/Create 30% (21); Mathematics XII - Remember/Understand 55% (44), Apply 25% (20), Analyse/Evaluate/Create 20% (16); no overall choice, 33% internal choice. (source)
• Class IX 2026-27 Science question paper design: Knowledge & Understanding 50%, Application 30%, Analyse/Evaluate/Create 20%. (source)

Class 12 Syllabus 2026-27

Physics

Theory 70 + Practical 30 · Official syllabus PDF

• Units I-II: Electrostatics, Current Electricity: 16 marks
• Units III-IV: Magnetic Effects of Current & Magnetism, EMI & AC: 17 marks
• Units V-VI: Electromagnetic Waves, Optics: 18 marks
• Units VII-VIII: Dual Nature of Radiation & Matter, Atoms & Nuclei: 12 marks
• Unit IX: Electronic Devices: 7 marks

Chemistry

Theory 70 + Practical 30 · Official syllabus PDF

• Solutions: 7 marks
• Electrochemistry: 9 marks
• Chemical Kinetics: 7 marks
• d- and f-Block Elements: 7 marks
• Coordination Compounds: 7 marks
• Haloalkanes and Haloarenes: 6 marks
• Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers: 6 marks
• Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids: 8 marks
• Amines: 6 marks
• Biomolecules: 7 marks

Mathematics

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (Periodic tests 10, Maths activities 10) · Official syllabus PDF

• Relations and Functions: 8 marks
• Algebra: 10 marks
• Calculus: 35 marks
• Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry: 14 marks
• Linear Programming: 5 marks
• Probability: 8 marks

Biology

Theory 70 + Practical 30 · Official syllabus PDF

• Reproduction: 16 marks
• Genetics and Evolution: 20 marks
• Biology and Human Welfare: 12 marks
• Biotechnology and its Applications: 12 marks
• Ecology and Environment: 10 marks

English Core

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (Listening 5, Speaking 5, Project 10) · Official syllabus PDF

• Section A: Reading Skills: 22 marks
• Section B: Creative Writing Skills: 18 marks
• Section C: Literature Textbook and Supplementary Reader: 40 marks

Class 11 Syllabus 2026-27

Physics

Theory 70 + Practical 30 · Official syllabus PDF

• Units I-III: Physical World & Measurement, Kinematics, Laws of Motion: 23 marks
• Units IV-VI: Work, Energy & Power; System of Particles & Rigid Body; Gravitation: 17 marks
• Units VII-IX: Properties of Bulk Matter, Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory of Gases: 20 marks
• Unit X: Oscillations and Waves: 10 marks

Chemistry

Theory 70 + Practical 30 · Official syllabus PDF

• Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry: 7 marks
• Structure of Atom: 9 marks
• Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties: 6 marks
• Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure: 7 marks
• Chemical Thermodynamics: 9 marks
• Equilibrium: 7 marks
• Redox Reactions: 4 marks
• Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principles and Techniques: 11 marks
• Hydrocarbons: 10 marks

Mathematics

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (Periodic tests 10, Maths activities 10) · Official syllabus PDF

• Sets and Functions: 23 marks
• Algebra: 25 marks
• Coordinate Geometry: 12 marks
• Calculus: 8 marks
• Statistics and Probability: 12 marks

Biology

Theory 70 + Practical 30 · Official syllabus PDF

• Diversity of Living Organisms: 15 marks
• Structural Organization in Plants and Animals: 10 marks
• Cell: Structure and Function: 15 marks
• Plant Physiology: 12 marks
• Human Physiology: 18 marks

English Core

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (Listening 5, Speaking 5, Project 10) · Official syllabus PDF

• Section A: Reading Skills: 26 marks
• Section B: Grammar and Creative Writing Skills: 23 marks
• Section C: Literature Textbook and Supplementary Reader: 31 marks

Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27

Mathematics (Standard 041 & Basic 241)

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (Pen-paper test & multiple assessment 10, Portfolio 5, Lab practical 5) · Official syllabus PDF

• Number Systems: 6 marks
• Algebra: 20 marks
• Coordinate Geometry: 6 marks
• Geometry: 15 marks
• Trigonometry: 12 marks
• Mensuration: 10 marks
• Statistics and Probability: 11 marks

Science

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (Periodic 5, Multiple 5, Portfolio 5, Subject enrichment/practical 5) · Official syllabus PDF

• Chemical Substances - Nature and Behaviour: 25 marks
• World of Living: 25 marks
• Natural Phenomena: 12 marks
• Effects of Current: 13 marks
• Natural Resources: 5 marks

Social Science

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (Periodic 5, Multiple 5, Subject enrichment/project 5, Portfolio 5) · Official syllabus PDF

• History (India and the Contemporary World-II) incl. 2 map: 20 marks
• Geography (Contemporary India-II) incl. 3 map: 20 marks
• Political Science (Democratic Politics-II): 20 marks
• Economics (Understanding Economic Development): 20 marks

English (Language & Literature)

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (incl. Listening & Speaking 5) · Official syllabus PDF

• Section A: Reading Skills: 20 marks
• Section B: Writing Skills with Grammar: 20 marks
• Section C: Language through Literature: 40 marks

Hindi Course A

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (Periodic 5, Multiple 5, Portfolio 5, Listening & Speaking 5) · Official syllabus PDF

• खंड क – अपठित बोध (Unseen comprehension): 14 marks
• खंड ख – व्यावहारिक व्याकरण (Grammar): 16 marks
• खंड ग – पाठ्यपुस्तक एवं पूरक पाठ्यपुस्तक (Kshitij-2 prose 11 + poetry 11, Kritika-2 8): 30 marks
• खंड घ – रचनात्मक लेखन (Creative writing): 20 marks

Hindi Course B

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (Periodic 5, Multiple 5, Portfolio 5, Listening & Speaking 5) · Official syllabus PDF

• खंड क – अपठित बोध (Unseen comprehension): 14 marks
• खंड ख – व्यावहारिक व्याकरण (Grammar): 16 marks
• खंड ग – पाठ्यपुस्तक एवं पूरक पाठ्यपुस्तक (Sparsh-2 prose 11 + poetry 11, Sanchayan-2 6): 28 marks
• खंड घ – रचनात्मक लेखन (Creative writing): 22 marks

Class 9 Syllabus 2026-27

Mathematics

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (Pen-paper test & multiple assessment 10, Portfolio 5, Lab practical 5) · Official syllabus PDF

• Number System: 7 marks
• Algebra: 20 marks
• Coordinate Geometry: 4 marks
• Geometry: 25 marks
• Mensuration: 14 marks
• Statistics and Probability: 10 marks

Mathematics at Advanced Level (optional)

Optional additional paper: 25 marks, 1 hr, all HOTS questions (Board exam in Class X from 2027-28) · Official syllabus PDF

Science

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (Periodic 5, Multiple 5, Portfolio 5, Subject enrichment/practical 5) · Official syllabus PDF

• World of Living: 27 marks
• Matter - Its Nature and Behaviour: 25 marks
• Motion, Force, Work and Sound: 23 marks
• Earth as a System: 5 marks

Science at Advanced Level (optional)

Optional additional paper: 25 marks, 1 hr, all HOTS questions (Board exam in Class X from 2027-28) · Official syllabus PDF

Social Science

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (unit-wise course structure "will be provided shortly" per the PDF) · Official syllabus PDF

English (R1/R2)

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (same weightage for R1 and R2; textbook Kaveri) · Official syllabus PDF

• Section A: Reading Skills: 20 marks
• Section B: Writing Skills and Grammar: 30 marks
• Section C: Language through Literature: 30 marks

Hindi (R1/R2)

Theory 80 + Internal Assessment 20 (same weightage for R1 and R2; Course A/B replaced by R1/R2 in Class IX) · Official syllabus PDF

• खंड क – अपठित बोध (Unseen comprehension): 14 marks
• खंड ख – व्यावहारिक व्याकरण (Grammar): 16 marks
• खंड ग – पाठ्यपुस्तक (Textbook): 30 marks
• खंड घ – रचनात्मक लेखन (Creative writing): 20 marks